How do transportation constraints influence panel size and design for a unitized curtain wall?

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Transportation constraints—road width, bridge clearances, shipping container dimensions, port limits, and local permit rules—directly influence the maximum practical panel size for unitized systems. Oversized panels increase the need for special permits, escort vehicles, and route surveys; they may also incur higher costs and delay deliveries. To accommodate constraints, manufacturers typically limit panel width and height to values that can be transported via standard flatbeds or container configurations, or they design panels for demountable assembly into smaller modules at the site. Weight restrictions influence section thickness and material choices; heavier panels may require stronger rigging and more robust cranes. For international projects, shipping container dimensions and port handling capabilities must be considered—panels that cannot be packed efficiently increase shipping costs. Design adaptations to mitigate transportation limits include the use of splices, field-sealable joints, and mechanical connectors that permit rapid on-site assembly without compromising performance. Additionally, protective packaging, bracing, and shock-absorbent crating are specified to prevent damage in transit. Early engagement with logistics consultants and coordination with transport authorities reduces risk and informs optimal maximum panel dimensions.