Careful glazing choice—low-e coatings, gas fills, and appropriate solar control—lowers lifecycle energy costs for mixed-use towers in Doha and Almaty.Seismic regions like Almaty and Tashkent require dynamic testing, movement joint design and certified anchorage systems for curtain walls.Maintenance in Dubai focuses on sand, frequent cleaning and low-water use; Almaty prioritises freeze protection and snow removal—contracts must reflect these differences.