Repairing gypsum board (drywall) is a straightforward process that can be done with basic tools. For small holes, start by cleaning the damaged area, removing any loose debris. If the hole is small (less than 1 inch), simply apply joint compound with a putty knife, smooth it out, and let it dry. For larger holes, you may need to use a patch. Cut a piece of new gypsum board to fit the hole, secure it with drywall screws, and then cover the seams with joint tape and compound. Once the compound is dry, sand the area smooth and apply a second coat if needed. After the final sanding, prime and paint the repaired area to match the surrounding ceiling or wall. For ceiling repairs, ensure that the area is supported properly, especially when dealing with heavier sections. Always wear protective gear, such as gloves and a mask, when sanding.