What are the key cost factors influencing glass facade systems for large-scale commercial developments?

Total cost for a glass facade reflects both capital and lifecycle elements. Material selection (tempered vs laminated, IGU configurations, low-e coatings) directly affects unit cost; specialty coatings or acoustic interlayers raise prices but can reduce HVAC and tenant fit-out costs. Framing costs—thermally broken aluminium, custom extrusions, stainless anchors—depend on material grade and fabrication complexity. System choice (unitized vs stick-built) influences the split between factory and site costs: unitized systems typically have higher fabrication costs but shorter site erection time and lower weather-related risk—benefits for tight schedules in Dubai, Doha or Riyadh. Logistics and import duties are significant in Middle East and Central Asian projects; oversized panel transport to Almaty or Ashgabat increases freight and special handling costs. Testing, mockups and third-party certifications are non-negotiable budget items to validate performance. Site conditions—crane availability, staging, and access—affect installation time and temporary works expenses. Lifecycle costs include maintenance, window washing, sealant renewal cycles and potential IGU replacements; specifying durable metal finishes (PVDF) and robust seals typically reduces long-term spend. Procurement strategies—single-source supplier, performance guarantees and local support—can reduce contingency while ensuring quality and predictable whole-life expenditure.