What is cladding vs facade?

The terms “cladding” and “facade” are often used interchangeably, but they refer to related yet distinct concepts in building design. A facade is the visible exterior face of a building, encompassing architectural expression, fenestration, and structural rhythms. Cladding, on the other hand, specifically denotes the material layers attached to that exterior face to provide protection and insulation. In aluminum ceiling and facade systems, aluminum panels function as cladding components, forming part of the overall facade assembly. The facade concept includes design intent—form, proportion, and transparency—while cladding focuses on material performance, including water-tightness, thermal insulation, and fire resistance. Aluminum facades leverage cladding panels, mullions, and subframes to realize both aesthetic vision and technical requirements, marrying form and function in a continuous exterior envelope.